Lesson- 6
Women’s Education -
Dr. S. R. Krishnan
Short answer types questions:
Q.1) What are the opportunities
available to women in our times?
Ans.) In the modern times there are
great opportunity available to women in our social work, public life and in
administrative service.
Q.2) What kind of women does the
society need?
Ans.)The society needs the women of
discipline mind and good behavior. They should be honest and hard working.
Q.3) What is the real situation
regarding women education in India?
Ans.) The women’s education in India is not wide spread enough.
But by and by it has improved a lot.
Q.4) Which particular qualities
distinguishes man from women?
Ans.) Compassion and kindness are the
qualities that distinguishes men from women.
Q.5) What were the things women
were entitled to ancient India?
Ans.) In ancient times, women were entitled
to :
1.The study of Vedas.
2.Chanting of Gayatr Mantra. 3.Celebrating Upanayana.
Q.6) What is on e sign of the
decline of our civilization?
Ans.) One of the main signs of the
civilization is the slavery of women.
Q.7) What kind of education is
required for girls according to the writer?
Ans.) The author recommends the
education which is deep and broad. It should help women to develop their mind,
body and soul . it should also be purposeful and help to earn daily living.
Long answer types question:
Q .1) What aims do people have
generally in view when they talk about education? State the chief purpose of
education according to Dr. Radhakrishnan? OR
What according to Dr.
Radhakrishnan is the main purpose of education?
Ans.) Dr. S. R. Radhakrishnan was a
great philosopher of India. He told us that the people have two aims of
education-one is two gain knowledge and other aim is to get skill. Education
gives knowledge through a number of subjects like history, geography and
science.
We can get skill from some
vocational subjects like engineering, medicine, law etc. it helps us in earning
our living but the main aim of education is something different. It leads us
into a higher life.
The writer says that the world is
imperfect. There are only two matchless fruits. The first is the study of
classics and second is the company of great men. Our classics put noble ideas
before us. They change our mind and soul.
They
make us better man and woman. They give the knowledge of higher life. They
teach us about real values of life. The main aim of education should give us
the sense of right and wrong.
The writer says that every woman
should take education and skill in life. They
should have good manners and an honest mind. They should be kind and
merciful. They should have some definite purpose in life. They should work in
discipline and never hate others.
The
educated woman should have some qualities like Dama (self control),
Dana(charity), and Daya(mercy).
They
should also learn the higher value of life.
Thus
the writer says that the true education always makes us honest, cultured and
disciplined in all work of life. We also know about a spiritual world that is
better than this physical world.
Explanation
1.Actually
……………………………………………………………………………..blundering and bitter.
Reference :These lines have been taken from
the lesson ‘Women’s Education’ written
by S. Radhakrishnan.
Context : Here the writer tells us about
women’s education and their quality that women’s education is not spread. So we
should encourage this system for the good of women.
Explanation: In this passage the writer has
told us that which type of education he wants. There are two essentials of good
education-broad education and deep education. No doubt, the education, given in
our schools and colleges is very wide. But it is lacking in depth. We should not be satisfied only with learning
and skill. But we should understand the purpose of our life. Without knowing
the aim, we shall be confused. We shall do mistake and our life will be
painful.
2.Compassion
………………………………………………………………………………more than that.
Reference-context: Previous
Explanation: The writer says that compassion
or mercy is the natural quality of a woman. But it does not mean that man
should not have pity. In fact compassion is the quality of every human being.
It is compassion which differentiates man from animal. Everyone of us should be
sympathetic for others. We should be considerate of joys and sorrows of our
fellow beings. Pity, sympathy and considerateness make a man civilized. So if
we want to have a strong society, we should develop these qualities in
ourselves.
Comprehension
1. You are
living…………………………………………………………………………………your work.
Q .1.In which type of age are
women living today?
Ans. Women are living today in an age
when there are great opportunity for them in social work public life and administration.
Q .2.What sort of women does
society require?
Ans. The society requires the women of
disciplined mind and restrained manner.
Q .3.What should you do while
doing a job to make a living for yourself?
Ans. We should honestly do the work
with disciplined mind while we are doing a job to make a living for ourselves.
Q .4.When can you get the joy of
your work?
Ans. We can get the joy of our work
when we will be successful.
2. Compassion
………………………………………………………………………………more than that.
Q.1 How is there a decline in
womanhood?
Ans. There is a decline in womanhood
because there is a decline in compassion which is the characteristic of a
woman.
Q.2 What is the nature quality of
woman?
Ans. The nature quality of a woman is
compassion.
Q.3 Which three qualities are
essential for every human being?
Ans. Considerateness, Kindness, and
compassion are the essential qualities for every human being.
Q.4 When does a human being
degenerate in to merely a human animal?
Ans. When a human being does not have
these qualities, he degenerates in to a human animal.
3. In ancient
times,………………………………………………………………………coming in to their own.
Q.1 What place did our women
occupy in ancient India? Give example. OR
How do you know that our women had a
high place in ancient India? OR
What rights did the women enjoy in
ancient times?
Ans. Our women had a high place in ancient India because they had the ceremony of
Upnayana and they were entitled to the study of Vedas and chanting of Gayatri
japa.
Q.2 What shows the decay of our
civilization?
Ans. The subjection of women shows the
decay of our civilization.
Q.3 What revolution has been effected
in our country after independence?
Ans. A revolution to give the women
their rights has been effected in our country after independence.
Q.4 Who has contribution most to
bring about this revolution?
Ans. Mahatma Gandhi has contributed most to bring about his revolution.
Q.5 What do you understand by the
words ‘subjection of women’ used in the paragraph?
Ans. ‘Subjection of women’ means that women have been made
to suffer. They have been ridiculed and harassed.
Q.6 How can it be said that women
of ancient India were well educated?
Ans. In ancient India, women were entitled to study the Vedas and chanting of
‘Gayatri japa’ soit can be said that they were well educated.
Fill in the blanks
1. Society requires women’s of
disciplined minds and restrained
manners.
2.
When you talk about education, you have several aims in view.
3. For some centuries we neglected our women folk.
4. you are living in an age when
there are great opportunities for
women in social work.
5. The natural quality of women is compassion.
6. compassion is the quality which is more
characteristic of women than men.
Lesson- 7
The Heritage Of India -
A. L. Basham
Short answer types questions:
Q .1) What
contribution did Ram Mohan Rai and Swami Vivekanand make to Indian society?
Ans.) Ram Mohan Rai and Swami
Vivekanand were famous social workers. They worked for social
Reformers. While Ram Mohan Rai advocated social
service and vivekanand believed that the greatest service to the motherland is
the service of man.
Q .2) What is the
contribution of Gandhi ji to hindu culture?
Ans.) Gandhi ji was also a great social
servant. He opposed the caste system. He helped the poor and helpless people.
He fought for women’s right and equality. He gave a new direction to hindu
culture.
Q .3) What does the
heritage of India consist of?
Ans.) The heritage of India consists of
its ancient culture and traditions. It has glorious past having holy books and
great plays. It has also the peaceful and gentle way of living.
Q .4) What kind of
men will the Indians of coming generation be according to the writer?
Ans.) The author says that the Indians
of coming generation will not follow the Europeans blindly. They will be ready
to make a change in their culture according to the need of hour. But also be
aware of the continuity of their culture.
Long answer types question:
Q .1) How does ancient hindu
civilization continue its cultural tradition? OR
What does the
heritage of India consists of according to A. L. Basham ?
Ans.) In the lesson “The Heritage of
India” the author tells that ancient
Hindu culture has always welcome the good points of other culture and absorbed
in itself. Even then it has maintained its good qualities.
The Hindu civilization would continue and retain its value. The Hindus
are proud of their old cultures. They change time to time but they do not forget their old and
good traditions. The Hindus are receiving new influences from western countries
yet they never follow that culture blindly. They adopt it according to their
need and culture. The new changes get mixed in to our good traditions. It is
called the synthetic nature of Hindu culture.
The other course of its continuity is epics very much. The Gita, The
Ramayan,The Upanishad and the play of Kalidas give them moral power and new
hope in life. A strong faith in these books give a generation to generation
stability to Hindu culture.
Indians love the quiet and gentle ways of life despite their poverty.
They will not work for an exciting life. Now the Hindus do not burn their
windows . They do not marry small girls in childhood. They are no more rigid in
caste system. They are changing their old family system. They are also
adjusting their culture according to the demands of new age.
Thus we have seen that Indian culture has wonderful ability to combine
various elements in it self. It can never be perished by the western culture.
Explanation
1. Politically and
economically……………………………………………………continuity of their culture.
Reference: These lines have been taken from
the lesson ‘The Heritage of India’ written
by A.L. Basham.
Context: Here the writer tells us about
some great men and social reformer who always be ready to sacrifices for their
country so that India may develop and progress.
Explanation: Here the writer point out
that in the present time in India there are so many political and economical
problems. They seem to be very difficult to be solved. So no one can forecast
about the future of India. The writer says that in ancient time in the people
were blind followers of the west. But the coming generation will not copy them
blindly. They will used their own reason in copying any change in their
culture, it is also sure that they will retain the continuity of their culture.
2. Hindu
civilization will……………………………………………………………………..ways of the west.
Reference: context:
previous.
Explanation: In these lines the writer says
that Hindu civilization will never cease. But it will go on as usual. The
Bhagvat Gita will always teach us to work and Upnishads to think deeply. It is
possible that the people of India may follow the labour saving devices of the
west but they will not forget the ideals of religious books e.g., the
Mahabharata, the Ramayana, etc . calm and gentle happiness has ever been the
characteristic of Indian life and people will never forget it. Western hectic
ways of hurry and worry will be away from us.
Comprehension
1. Today there are
few…………………………………………………………………the culture of the west.
Q.1. What do few
intelligent Indians not want to give up?
Ans. Few intelligent Indians do not
want to give up the weaknesses of ancient Indian culture.
Q2. Why can no one
forecast Indian’s future with any certainly?
Ans. No one can forecast Indian’s future with any certainly because India is
facing many problems of great difficulty.
Q.3. What does the
writer predict about the Indians of coming generations?
Ans. The writer predicts about the
Indians of coming generations that they will have faith in their traditions and
continuity of their culture.
Q.4.What are the
achievements of India after independence?
Ans. After independence the
achievements of India are that the factors of national self-condemnation and
unreasoning enthusiasm for the glory of our country disappearing.
2. Hindu
civilization…………………………………………………………………..ways of the west.
Q.1.What is the
author’s opinion about the Hindu civilization?
Ans. The author believes that the
future of Hindu civilization is bright. It will retain its continuity.
Q.2.Who does the
‘Bhagawad Gita’ and ‘Upanishads’ motivate?
Ans. The Bhagawad Gita motivates the
men of action and Upanishads, the men of thought.
Q.3. What has
sustained the people of India in troubled times?
Ans. The quiet and gentle happiness
has sustained the people of India in troubled times.
Q.4. How does the
Indian way of life differ from that of the west?
Ans. The Indian way of life has the
quiet and gentle happiness while the west rests on hectic ways.
Fill in the blank
1. Politically and economically
India faces many problems.
2. The old family system is adapting itself to present day conditions.
3.
Subhash Chandra
bose was one of the greatest of our nationalist leaders.
4.
Gandhi ji
believed in the fundamentals of
ancient culture.
5.
The cultural
tradition of India will never be
lost.
6.
Mahatma Gandhi
passionate love of the under dog and his antipathy
to caste, were unorthodox in the extreme.
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