Chapter-5: The Ailing Planet: The Green Movement's Role
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The Ailing Planet: The Green Movement's Role Class 11 Question Answer | English Notes By Atul Sir | UP Board & CBSE
_The Ailing Planet - Pure Hindi Summary For UP Board_
यह लेख नानी पालखीवाला ने लिखा है।
यह लेख हमारी धरती के बारे में है जो बहुत बीमार है - The Ailing Planet मतलब बीमार ग्रह।
धरती की हालत बहुत खराब हो रही है। 1987 में World Commission on Environment and Development ने कहा कि हम धरती को ऐसे लूट रहे हैं जैसे हमारे पास दूसरी धरती हो।
*ग्रीन मूवमेंट क्या है?*
1972 में पहली बार लोगों ने सोचा कि धरती को बचाना है। यह आंदोलन शुरू हुआ क्योंकि लोग समझ गए कि धरती बीमार है।
*धरती की बीमारियाँ:*
1. *जंगल खत्म हो रहे हैं:* हर साल बहुत सारे जंगल काटे जा रहे हैं। जंगल धरती के फेफड़े हैं। जंगल खत्म तो ऑक्सीजन खत्म।
2. *जनसंख्या बढ़ रही है:* दुनिया में हर दिन 1 लाख से ज्यादा लोग बढ़ रहे हैं। ज्यादा लोग = ज्यादा प्रदूषण, ज्यादा खाना, ज्यादा जंगल कटाई।
3. *ग्लोबल वार्मिंग:* कारखानों और गाड़ियों से CO2 बढ़ रहा है, धरती गर्म हो रही है। बर्फ पिघल रही है, समुंदर का पानी बढ़ रहा है।
4. *ओजोन परत में छेद:* CFC गैसों से ओजोन परत में छेद हो गया है। सूरज की हानिकारक किरणें धरती पर आ रही हैं।
5. *भूमि बंजर हो रही है:* ज्यादा खेती और पेड़ काटने से जमीन बंजर हो रही है।
6. *जीव-जंतु खत्म हो रहे हैं:* हर साल कई प्रजातियाँ खत्म हो रही हैं।
*लेखक का संदेश:*
लेखक कहता है कि धरती हमें विरासत में नहीं मिली, हमने इसे अपने बच्चों से उधार लिया है। हमें इसे बचाना है।
विकास होना चाहिए पर ऐसा विकास जो धरती को नुकसान न पहुँचाए - Sustainable Development (सतत विकास)।
हमें जंगल बचाने हैं, जनसंख्या रोकनी है, प्रदूषण कम करना है।
भारत में भी चिपको आंदोलन जैसे आंदोलन हुए जिसने पेड़ों को बचाया।
कहानी सिखाती है कि अगर हमने अभी धरती को नहीं बचाया तो भविष्य बहुत खतरनाक होगा।
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_PROPER SUMMARY IN ENGLISH FOR CBSE_
This article is by Nani Palkhivala, published in The Indian Express on 24th November 1994.
The ailing planet means sick planet. Earth is sick due to man's greed.
In 1987, World Commission on Environment and Development (Brundtland Commission) said we are exploiting Earth as if we have another planet.
Green Movement started in 1972 when people realized Earth is sick. First green movement was started.
Problems of Earth:
1. *Deforestation:* Forests are lungs of Earth, being cut rapidly. Tropical forests disappearing, tribal people losing homes.
2. *Population Explosion:* World population increasing by 1 lakh per day, more people = more pollution, more deforestation, more food needed. Birth rate must be controlled.
3. *Global Warming:* CO2 from factories, vehicles increasing, Earth warming, ice melting, sea level rising.
4. *Ozone Hole:* CFCs from refrigerators, ACs making hole in ozone layer, harmful UV rays coming.
5. *Land Degradation:* Over-farming, over-grazing making fertile land barren, desert expanding.
6. *Extinction of Species:* Many species of animals, plants extinct every year.
Author says Earth is not inherited from ancestors but borrowed from children. We must return it safely.
Concept of Sustainable Development - development that meets present needs without harming future needs.
We must save forests, control population, reduce pollution, save species.
In India, Chipko Movement saved trees, women hugged trees.
Message is if we don't save Earth now, future will be dangerous. We have only one Earth.
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_WORD MEANING LIST (50+ Words)_
_Part A - Planet Sick Words_
1. Ailing Planet - बीमार ग्रह - Sick Earth
2. Green Movement - हरित आंदोलन - Movement to save Earth, started 1972
3. Nani Palkhivala - नानी पालखीवाला - Author of chapter
4. World Commission on Environment and Development - विश्व पर्यावरण आयोग - In 1987 said we are exploiting Earth
5. Sustainable Development - सतत विकास - Development without harming future
_Part B - Deforestation & Population Words_
6. Deforestation - जंगल कटाई - Cutting forests, forests are lungs of Earth
7. Tropical forests - उष्णकटिबंधीय जंगल - Disappearing fast
8. Lungs of Earth - धरती के फेफड़े - Forests are lungs
9. Population explosion - जनसंख्या विस्फोट - 1 lakh people increase per day
10. Tribal people - आदिवासी लोग - Losing homes due to deforestation
11. Chipko Movement - चिपको आंदोलन - In India, women hugged trees to save
12. Overpopulation - अधिक जनसंख्या - Main cause of pollution
_Part C - Pollution Words_
13. Global Warming - वैश्विक ताप - Earth warming due to CO2
14. CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) - कार्बन डाइऑक्साइड - From factories, vehicles, causing warming
15. Greenhouse effect - ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव - Heat trapped by CO2
16. Ozone layer - ओजोन परत - Protects from UV rays, hole due to CFC
17. CFC (Chlorofluorocarbon) - क्लोरोफ्लोरोकार्बन - From fridge, AC, damages ozone
18. UV rays (Ultraviolet) - पराबैंगनी किरणें - Harmful rays from sun
19. Industrialization - औद्योगीकरण - Factories causing pollution
20. Emission - उत्सर्जन - Release of CO2, CFC
_Part D - Land & Species Words_
21. Land degradation - भूमि क्षरण - Fertile land becoming barren
22. Desertification - मरुस्थलीकरण - Desert expanding
23. Over-farming - अधिक खेती - Making land barren
24. Over-grazing - अधिक चराई - Animals eating all grass
25. Extinction - विलुप्त होना - Species extinct every year
26. Species - प्रजातियाँ - Animals, plants species
27. Ecosystem - पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र - System of living things
28. Biodiversity - जैव विविधता - Variety of species
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_IMPORTANT SHORT QUESTION ANSWERS_
_Q1. What does Ailing Planet mean?_
_Ans:_ Ailing Planet means sick planet. Earth is sick due to man's greed, deforestation, pollution, population explosion, global warming, ozone hole.
_Q2. What is Green Movement? When started?_
_Ans:_ Green Movement is movement to save Earth. Started in 1972 when people realized Earth is sick. First movement to save environment.
_Q3. What did World Commission say in 1987?_
_Ans:_ In 1987, World Commission on Environment and Development (Brundtland Commission) said we are exploiting Earth as if we have another planet, we have only one Earth.
_Q4. What are main problems of Earth?_
_Ans:_ Main problems are deforestation (forests lungs cut), population explosion (1 lakh per day increase), global warming (CO2), ozone hole (CFC), land degradation, extinction of species.
_Q5. What is Sustainable Development?_
_Ans:_ Sustainable Development is development that meets present needs without harming future generation needs. Earth not inherited from ancestors but borrowed from children.
_Q6. What is Chipko Movement?_
_Ans:_ Chipko Movement was in India where women hugged trees to save them from cutting, saved forests.
_Q7. What causes global warming and ozone hole?_
_Ans:_ Global warming caused by CO2 from factories, vehicles. Ozone hole caused by CFC from refrigerators, ACs, harmful UV rays coming.
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_LONG QUESTION ANSWER (5-6 Marks)_
_Q1. What is Ailing Planet and what are its problems? What is solution?_
_Ans:_ Ailing Planet means sick planet. Earth is sick due to man's greed. Author Nani Palkhivala says Earth is sick.
In 1987, World Commission on Environment and Development said we are exploiting Earth as if we have another planet. Green Movement started in 1972 to save Earth.
Problems:
1. Deforestation - Forests are lungs of Earth, tropical forests disappearing, tribal people losing homes.
2. Population explosion - 1 lakh people increase per day, more pollution, more food needed, more deforestation.
3. Global Warming - CO2 from factories, vehicles increasing, Earth warming, ice melting, sea level rising.
4. Ozone Hole - CFC from fridge, AC making hole in ozone, harmful UV rays coming.
5. Land degradation - Over-farming, over-grazing making fertile land barren, desert expanding.
6. Extinction - Many species extinct every year.
Solution is Sustainable Development - development that meets present needs without harming future. Earth not inherited from ancestors but borrowed from children. We must save forests, control population, reduce pollution, save species, like Chipko Movement in India where women hugged trees. If we don't save now, future dangerous. We have only one Earth.
_Q2. What is central idea of The Ailing Planet?_
_Ans:_ Central idea is Earth is sick (ailing) due to man's greed. World Commission 1987 said we exploit Earth as if we have another. Green Movement started 1972.
Earth's problems are deforestation (lungs cut), population explosion (1 lakh/day), global warming (CO2 from factories), ozone hole (CFC from fridge/AC, UV rays), land degradation (barren land), extinction of species.
Solution is Sustainable Development - meet present needs without harming future. Earth borrowed from children, not inherited from ancestors. Must save forests, control population, reduce pollution. Example Chipko Movement where women hugged trees. Message is save Earth now otherwise future dangerous, we have only one Earth.
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_IMPORTANT MCQs_
_Q1. What does Ailing Planet mean?_
a) Sick planet Earth due to man's greed, deforestation, pollution, population
b) Healthy planet
c) New planet
d) Mars
_Ans: a) Sick planet Earth_
_Q2. Who is author?_
a) Nani Palkhivala
b) Nathalie Trouveroy
c) A.R. Williams
d) Khushwant Singh
_Ans: a) Nani Palkhivala_
_Q3. When did Green Movement start?_
a) In 1972, first movement to save Earth
b) In 1987
c) In 1922
d) In 2005
_Ans: a) In 1972_
_Q4. What did World Commission say in 1987?_
a) We are exploiting Earth as if we have another planet, we have only one Earth
b) Earth is healthy
c) No problem
d) More factories needed
_Ans: a) We exploit Earth as if we have another_
_Q5. What are forests called?_
a) Lungs of Earth, being cut, tropical forests disappearing
b) Heart of Earth
c) Brain of Earth
d) Legs of Earth
_Ans: a) Lungs of Earth_
_Q6. What is population increase per day?_
a) 1 lakh people per day, cause of pollution, deforestation
b) 10 people
c) 100 people
d) No increase
_Ans: a) 1 lakh per day_
_Q7. What causes global warming and ozone hole?_
a) Global warming = CO2 from factories/vehicles, Ozone hole = CFC from fridge/AC, UV rays
b) Water
c) Trees
d) Oxygen
_Ans: a) CO2 and CFC_
_Q8. What is Chipko Movement?_
a) In India, women hugged trees to save from cutting
b) Cutting trees
c) Burning forests
d) Making factories
_Ans: a) Women hugged trees_
_Q9. What is Sustainable Development?_
a) Development that meets present needs without harming future, Earth borrowed from children
b) More pollution
c) More deforestation
d) No development
_Ans: a) Meets present without harming future_
_Q10. What is theme?_
a) Save Earth, Earth sick due to man, sustainable development, we have only one Earth
b) Comedy
c) Love story
d) Horror
_Ans: a) Save Earth_
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_CONCLUSION_
Chapter "The Ailing Planet: The Green Movement's Role" by Nani Palkhivala shows Earth sick (ailing) due to man's greed. World Commission 1987 said we exploit Earth as if we have another planet, we have only one Earth. Green Movement started 1972 to save Earth. Problems are deforestation (lungs cut, tropical forests disappearing), population explosion (1 lakh/day), global warming (CO2 from factories), ozone hole (CFC from fridge/AC, UV rays), land degradation (barren), extinction of species. Solution is Sustainable Development - meet present without harming future, Earth borrowed from children not inherited from ancestors, save forests, control population, reduce pollution, like Chipko Movement women hugged trees. Message save Earth now otherwise future dangerous.
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_Thank You !_
_All the Best!_
_😊✌_
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