VISTAS CHAPTER-4
The Enemy Class 12 Question Answer | English Notes By Atul Sir। UP Board & CBSE
The Enemy - Pure Hindi Summary For Up Board
यह कहानी द्वितीय विश्व युद्ध के समय जापान की है। डॉ. सडाओ हॉकी जापान का प्रसिद्ध सर्जन है। वह जापान के राजा का निजी डॉक्टर भी है। वह अपनी पत्नी हाना के साथ समुद्र के किनारे एक घर में रहता है।
एक दिन तूफान के बाद सुबह सडाओ और हाना समुद्र के किनारे टहल रहे थे। उन्हें समुद्र में एक आदमी बेहोश पड़ा मिला। वह अमेरिकी था - अमेरिकी नौसेना का सैनिक। उसके कपड़ों पर 'U.S. Navy' लिखा था। उसकी पीठ पर गोली लगी थी और खून बह रहा था। वह युद्ध का कैदी था, दुश्मन था।
सडाओ ने सोचा कि अगर वह इस अमेरिकी को ऐसे ही छोड़ देगा तो वह मर जायेगा। पर अगर वह उसे घर ले गया तो लोग उसे देशद्रोही कहेंगे क्योंकि वह दुश्मन की मदद कर रहा है। हाना भी डर गई। पर सडाओ डॉक्टर था, उसका धर्म था जान बचाना।
वह उस घायल अमेरिकी को अपने घर ले आया। उसके नौकरों ने कहा कि यह दुश्मन है, इसे मत बचाओ, पुलिस को दे दो। पर सडाओ ने कहा कि यह इंसान है पहले, दुश्मन बाद में।
सडाओ ने अपने ऑपरेशन रूम में उसका ऑपरेशन किया। गोली उसकी पीठ में फंसी थी, दिल के बहुत पास। बहुत मुश्किल ऑपरेशन था। हाना ने उसकी मदद की, हालांकि वह खुद डर रही थी। सडाओ ने गोली निकाल दी और अमेरिकी की जान बच गई।
अमेरिकी धीरे-धीरे ठीक होने लगा। उसका नाम टॉम था। वह बहुत कमजोर था। हाना उसकी सेवा करती थी, उसे खाना देती थी। पर नौकर डर के मारे घर छोड़कर चले गए। उन्होंने कहा कि मालिक दुश्मन को बचा रहा है।
अब सडाओ के सामने समस्या थी - वह इस अमेरिकी का क्या करे? अगर पुलिस को पता चला तो उसे गिरफ्तार कर लेंगे। वह जापान के जनरल तकावा से मिला जो खुद बीमार था और सडाओ उसका इलाज करता था। जनरल ने कहा कि तुम चिंता मत करो, मैं अपने निजी हत्यारों से इस अमेरिकी को चुपचाप मरवा दूंगा। सडाओ मान गया।
पर कई रात तक जनरल के आदमी नहीं आए। सडाओ को नींद नहीं आई। उसे लगा कि जनरल अपना वादा भूल गया। आखिर में सडाओ ने खुद ही अमेरिकी को बचाने का फैसला किया।
उसने अमेरिकी को एक नाव दी, खाना दिया, कपड़े दिए, टॉर्च दी और कहा कि तुम रात में यहाँ से भाग जाओ, पास में ही एक टापू है जहाँ से अमेरिकी जहाज गुजरते हैं। अमेरिकी चला गया।
अगले दिन सडाओ ने जनरल को बताया कि अमेरिकी भाग गया। जनरल ने कहा कि वह अपने ऑपरेशन के कारण भूल गया था और उसे माफ कर दे।
सडाओ समुद्र के किनारे खड़ा होकर सोचता है - वह अमेरिकी को क्यों नहीं मार सका? क्योंकि वह डॉक्टर है और इंसानियत सबसे बड़ा धर्म है। वह सोचता है कि क्या अमेरिकी लोग भी उसके जैसे ही हैं? वह उन्हें क्यों दुश्मन माने?
कहानी सिखाती है कि देश से बड़ा इंसानियत है और डॉक्टर का धर्म सबसे पहले जान बचाना है, चाहे वह दुश्मन ही क्यों न हो।
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The Enemy - Proper Summary in English Language)
SUMMARY IN ENGLISH (For CBSE Board)
This story is set in Japan during Second World War. Dr. Sadao Hoki is a famous Japanese surgeon. He is also personal doctor of King of Japan. He lives with his wife Hana near sea.
One day after storm, morning Sadao and Hana were walking near sea. They found a man unconscious on sea-shore. He was American - American Navy soldier. On his clothes 'U.S. Navy' was written. He had bullet wound on his back and bleeding. He was prisoner of war, enemy.
Sadao thought if he leaves this American, he will die. But if he takes him home, people will call him traitor because he is helping enemy. Hana also got scared. But Sadao was doctor, his duty was to save life.
He brought that wounded American to his home. His servants said he is enemy, don't save him, give to police. But Sadao said he is human first, enemy later.
Sadao operated him in his operation room. Bullet was stuck in his back, very near heart. It was very difficult operation. Hana helped him, though she was scared. Sadao removed bullet and American's life was saved.
American slowly recovered. His name was Tom. He was very weak. Hana served him, gave food. But servants left house out of fear. They said master is saving enemy.
Now Sadao had problem - what to do with this American? If police knows, he will be arrested. He met General Takawa of Japan who himself was ill and Sadao treated him. General said don't worry, I will get this American killed quietly by my private assassins. Sadao agreed.
But for many nights General's men did not come. Sadao could not sleep. He felt General forgot his promise. At last Sadao himself decided to save American.
He gave American a boat, food, clothes, torch and said you run away at night from here, nearby there is an island from where American ships pass. American went away.
Next day Sadao told General that American escaped. General said he forgot due to his operation and forgive him.
Sadao stands near sea and thinks - why could he not kill American? Because he is doctor and humanity is biggest religion. He thinks are American people also like him? Why should he consider them enemy?
Story teaches that humanity is bigger than country and doctor's duty is first to save life, even if he is enemy.
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CHARACTER SKETCH OF DR. SADAO HOKI - IN PURE ENGLISH for CBSE
Dr. Sadao Hoki is the central character of The Enemy. He is a famous Japanese surgeon and personal doctor of King of Japan.
He is very skilled and dedicated doctor. He studied in America for 8 years. He is expert in surgery. He removes bullet from American's back near heart very carefully.
He is very humane and kind. Even though American is enemy during World War II, Sadao saves his life because he is doctor first. He says he is human first, enemy later. He risks his own life and family's safety to save enemy.
He is courageous and patriotic also. He is in dilemma - if he saves enemy, he will be called traitor; if he leaves, enemy will die. He chooses humanity. He also informs General about American but later helps American to escape when General forgets.
He is intelligent. He gives boat, food, torch to American to escape to nearby island.
He represents ideal doctor who believes humanity is bigger than country. His character shows conflict between duty as doctor and duty as citizen.
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डॉ. सडाओ हॉकी का चरित्र चित्रण - शुद्ध हिंदी में UP Board
डॉ. सडाओ हॉकी इस कहानी के मुख्य पात्र हैं। वे जापान के प्रसिद्ध सर्जन हैं और जापान के राजा के निजी डॉक्टर हैं।
वे बहुत कुशल और समर्पित डॉक्टर हैं। उन्होंने 8 साल अमेरिका में पढ़ाई की है। वे सर्जरी में माहिर हैं। वे अमेरिकी की पीठ से दिल के पास फंसी गोली बहुत सावधानी से निकालते हैं।
वे बहुत मानवतावादी और दयालु हैं। भले ही अमेरिकी द्वितीय विश्व युद्ध में दुश्मन है, सडाओ उसकी जान बचाते हैं क्योंकि वे पहले डॉक्टर हैं। वे कहते हैं कि वह पहले इंसान है, दुश्मन बाद में। वे दुश्मन को बचाने के लिए अपनी और अपने परिवार की जान जोखिम में डालते हैं।
वे साहसी और देशभक्त भी हैं। वे दुविधा में हैं - अगर दुश्मन को बचाएंगे तो देशद्रोही कहलाएंगे, अगर छोड़ देंगे तो दुश्मन मर जायेगा। वे मानवता को चुनते हैं। वे जनरल को अमेरिकी के बारे में बताते भी हैं पर बाद में जब जनरल भूल जाता है तो अमेरिकी को भगाने में मदद करते हैं।
वे बुद्धिमान हैं। वे अमेरिकी को भागने के लिए नाव, खाना, टॉर्च देते हैं।
वे आदर्श डॉक्टर का प्रतीक हैं जो मानते हैं कि इंसानियत देश से बड़ी है। उनका चरित्र डॉक्टर के कर्तव्य और नागरिक के कर्तव्य के बीच संघर्ष दिखाता है।
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CHARACTER SKETCH OF HANA - IN PURE ENGLISH for CBSE
Hana is wife of Dr. Sadao Hoki.
She is kind, humane and brave. When Sadao brings wounded American home, she is scared because he is enemy, but she supports her husband. She helps Sadao in operation even though she is afraid of blood.
She serves the American - gives him food, washes him, takes care. Even though servants leave house calling them traitor, she stays with Sadao.
She is also afraid as Japanese woman. She fears police will arrest them. But her humanity is bigger than fear. She helps save enemy's life.
She is ideal wife who supports husband in difficult time and shows humanity. She represents kindness and compassion even for enemy.
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हाना का चरित्र चित्रण - शुद्ध हिंदी में UP Board
हाना डॉ. सडाओ हॉकी की पत्नी हैं।
वे दयालु, मानवतावादी और बहादुर हैं। जब सडाओ घायल अमेरिकी को घर लाते हैं तो वे डर जाती हैं क्योंकि वह दुश्मन है, पर वे अपने पति का साथ देती हैं। वे ऑपरेशन में सडाओ की मदद करती हैं भले ही उन्हें खून से डर लगता है।
वे अमेरिकी की सेवा करती हैं - उसे खाना देती हैं, साफ करती हैं, देखभाल करती हैं। भले ही नौकर उन्हें देशद्रोही कहकर घर छोड़ देते हैं, वे सडाओ के साथ रहती हैं।
वे एक जापानी महिला के रूप में डरी हुई भी हैं। उन्हें डर है कि पुलिस उन्हें गिरफ्तार कर लेगी। पर उनकी मानवता डर से बड़ी है। वे दुश्मन की जान बचाने में मदद करती हैं।
वे आदर्श पत्नी हैं जो मुश्किल समय में पति का साथ देती हैं और मानवता दिखाती हैं। वे दुश्मन के लिए भी दया और करुणा का प्रतीक हैं।
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THE ENEMY - COMPLETE WORD MEANING LIST (50+ Words)
_Part A - Starting ke Difficult Words_
1. Dr. Sadao Hoki - डॉ. सडाओ हॉकी - Famous Japanese surgeon
2. Hana - हाना - Wife of Sadao
3. Japan - जापान - Country
4. Second World War - द्वितीय विश्व युद्ध - War between countries
5. Surgeon - सर्जन, डॉक्टर - Doctor who does operation
6. King of Japan - जापान का राजा - King whose personal doctor is Sadao
7. Sea-shore - समुद्र किनारा - Near sea where they lived
8. Storm - तूफान - Big wind and rain
9. Wounded - घायल - Injured American
10. American - अमेरिकी - From America, enemy of Japan in war
11. U.S. Navy - अमेरिकी नौसेना - American Navy written on clothes
12. Prisoner of war - युद्ध बंदी - Enemy soldier caught in war
_Part B - Saving Enemy ke Words_
13. Enemy - दुश्मन - Enemy country soldier
14. Traitor - देशद्रोही - Who helps enemy
15. Humanity - इंसानियत - Being human first
16. Doctor's duty - डॉक्टर का कर्तव्य - To save life
17. Servants - नौकर - Servants who left house
18. Operation room - ऑपरेशन कक्ष - Room for operation
19. Bullet - गोली - Bullet stuck in back
20. Back wound - पीठ का घाव - Wound on back near heart
21. Heart - दिल - Heart very near bullet
22. Difficult operation - कठिन ऑपरेशन - Hard surgery
23. Blood - खून - Blood
24. Anesthesia - बेहोशी की दवा - Medicine to make unconscious
25. Saved life - जान बचाई - Sadao saved American
_Part C - After Operation ke Words_
26. Tom - टॉम (अमेरिकी का नाम) - Name of American soldier
27. Recovery - ठीक होना - Getting well slowly
28. Weak - कमजोर - American was weak
29. Food - खाना - Hana gave food
30. Fear - डर - Fear of police
31. Police - पुलिस - Japanese police
32. Arrest - गिरफ्तार - To catch for helping enemy
33. General Takawa - जनरल तकावा - Japanese General ill patient of Sadao
34. Assassins - हत्यारे - Private killers of General
35. Kill quietly - चुपचाप मारना - General promised to kill American secretly
36. Waited many nights - कई रात इंतजार - General's men did not come
_Part D - Escape ke Words_
37. Boat - नाव - Boat given to American to escape
38. Food and clothes - खाना और कपड़े - Given for journey
39. Torch - टॉर्च - Light given
40. Island - टापू - Nearby island from where American ships pass
41. Escape at night - रात में भागना - American escaped at night
42. Forgot - भूल गया - General forgot due to operation
43. Forgive - माफ करना - General asked forgiveness
44. Humanity bigger than country - देश से बड़ी इंसानियत - Main message
_Extra Board Exam Words_
45. Conflict - द्वंद्व, संघर्ष - Between duty as doctor and citizen
46. Dilemma - दुविधा - What to do - save or kill?
47. Patriotism - देशभक्ति - Love for country
48. Compassion - करुणा - Kindness for enemy
49. Ideal doctor - आदर्श डॉक्टर - Sadao is ideal doctor
50. Pearl S. Buck - पर्ल एस. बक (लेखिका) - Author of story
51. Message - संदेश - Humanity is biggest
52. Courage - साहस - Brave to save enemy
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THE ENEMY - IMPORTANT SHORT QUESTION ANSWERS
_Q1. Who was Dr. Sadao Hoki?_
_Ans:_ Dr. Sadao Hoki was a famous Japanese surgeon and personal doctor of King of Japan. He studied 8 years in America. He lived near sea with wife Hana during World War II.
_Q2. How did Sadao find American soldier?_
_Ans:_ After storm, morning Sadao and Hana were walking near sea. They found an unconscious wounded man on sea-shore. He was American Navy soldier with bullet wound on back. He was prisoner of war and enemy.
_Q3. Why did Sadao bring enemy home?_
_Ans:_ Sadao brought enemy home because he was doctor and his duty was to save life. He thought if he leaves him, he will die. Though he was enemy, he was human first.
_Q4. What did servants do?_
_Ans:_ Servants said American is enemy, don't save him, give to police. When Sadao saved him, servants left house out of fear, saying master is traitor and police will arrest them.
_Q5. How did Sadao operate American?_
_Ans:_ Sadao operated American in his operation room. Bullet was stuck in back near heart. It was difficult operation. Hana helped him. Sadao removed bullet carefully and saved American's life.
_Q6. Who was General Takawa and what did he promise?_
_Ans:_ General Takawa was Japanese General, ill patient of Sadao. Sadao told him about American. General promised to send his private assassins to kill American quietly at night.
_Q7. Did General's men come?_
_Ans:_ No, General's men did not come for many nights. Sadao waited, could not sleep. He felt General forgot due to his own illness and operation.
_Q8. How did Sadao help American escape?_
_Ans:_ Sadao gave American a boat, food, clothes, torch and told him to escape at night to nearby island from where American ships pass. American escaped at night.
_Q9. What did General say when Sadao told American escaped?_
_Ans:_ General said he forgot to send assassins because he was ill and had his own operation. He asked Sadao to forgive him.
_Q10. What is theme of The Enemy?_
_Ans:_ Theme is humanity is bigger than country and doctor's duty is to save life even if he is enemy. Conflict between duty as doctor and duty as citizen. Humanity, compassion and ideal doctor.
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THE ENEMY - LONG QUESTION ANSWER (5-6 Marks)
_Q1. How did Dr. Sadao save American soldier though he was enemy?_
_Ans:_ Dr. Sadao Hoki was Japanese surgeon during World War II. He found wounded American Navy soldier on sea-shore with bullet wound. He was enemy, prisoner of war.
Sadao was in dilemma - leave him to die or save him and be called traitor. But as doctor, his duty was to save life. He brought American home. Servants opposed and left house.
He operated American in his operation room. Bullet was near heart, difficult operation. With Hana's help, he removed bullet and saved life. American slowly recovered. Hana served him.
He told General Takawa who promised to kill American quietly by assassins, but assassins did not come. At last Sadao gave American boat, food, torch and helped him escape at night to nearby island. Thus he saved enemy's life risking his own safety, proving humanity bigger than country.
_Q2. Describe the conflict in Dr. Sadao's mind._
_Ans:_ Dr. Sadao faced conflict between duty as doctor and duty as citizen (patriotism) and between humanity and country.
As Japanese citizen during World War II, American was enemy. Helping enemy is treason, police will arrest, people will call traitor. Servants left house for this fear. As citizen he should give American to police.
But as doctor, his duty is to save life irrespective of enemy or friend. He studied in America, his medical ethics says save life. He is human first, enemy later.
He also conflicts about what to do after saving - kill him or save? He tells General who promises to kill American secretly, but when General forgets, Sadao again chooses humanity and helps American escape.
At end he wonders why he could not kill American - because he is doctor and humanity is biggest religion. He thinks Americans are also like him.
_Q3. What is theme or central idea of The Enemy?_
_Ans:_ Main theme of The Enemy is humanity is bigger than country and doctor's duty is to save life even if he is enemy.
Story is set in World War II Japan. Dr. Sadao finds wounded American enemy soldier. As citizen he should hand him to police, but as doctor he saves life. He risks being called traitor, servants leave, fear of arrest, but he saves.
It shows conflict between patriotism and humanity, duty as doctor vs duty as citizen. Sadao chooses humanity.
It also shows ideal doctor - who saves life without seeing enemy or friend. Hana also shows compassion.
Message is that all humans are same, enemy also has right to live. War creates enemy, but humanity is bigger. Compassion and kindness should be above country. Pearl S. Buck gives message of universal brotherhood.
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THE ENEMY - IMPORTANT MCQs
_Q1. Who is author of The Enemy?_
a) Pearl S. Buck
b) Jack Finney
c) Kalki
d) Tishani Doshi
_Ans: a) Pearl S. Buck_
_Q2. Who was Dr. Sadao Hoki?_
a) Japanese surgeon and King's personal doctor
b) American soldier
c) General
d) Servant
_Ans: a) Japanese surgeon and King's personal doctor_
_Q3. Where did Sadao find American soldier?_
a) On sea-shore near his house
b) In hospital
c) In market
d) In forest
_Ans: a) On sea-shore near his house_
_Q4. What was written on American's clothes?_
a) U.S. Navy
b) Japan Army
c) U.K. Navy
d) Nothing
_Ans: a) U.S. Navy_
_Q5. Where was bullet wound?_
a) On back near heart
b) On leg
c) On head
d) On hand
_Ans: a) On back near heart_
_Q6. Who helped Sadao in operation?_
a) Hana, his wife
b) Servants
c) General
d) No one
_Ans: a) Hana, his wife_
_Q7. What did servants do?_
a) Left house out of fear
b) Helped Sadao
c) Called police
d) Killed American
_Ans: a) Left house out of fear_
_Q8. Who was General Takawa?_
a) Japanese General, patient of Sadao
b) American General
c) King's brother
d) Servant
_Ans: a) Japanese General, patient of Sadao_
_Q9. How did American escape?_
a) By boat with food, clothes, torch given by Sadao at night
b) By plane
c) By walking
d) Police helped
_Ans: a) By boat with food, clothes, torch given by Sadao at night_
_Q10. What is theme of The Enemy?_
a) Humanity bigger than country, doctor's duty to save life even enemy
b) Kill enemy
c) Be cruel
d) War is good
_Ans: a) Humanity bigger than country, doctor's duty to save life even enemy_
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CONCLUSION
The story "The Enemy" by Pearl S. Buck teaches that humanity is bigger than country and doctor's duty is to save life, even if he is enemy. Dr. Sadao Hoki, Japanese surgeon during World War II, saves wounded American enemy soldier risking his own safety, though servants leave and fear of police. He operates and saves him, then helps him escape by boat. General promises to kill but forgets. Story shows conflict between patriotism and humanity, and Sadao chooses humanity. Message is universal brotherhood and compassion.
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Thank You !
All the Best!
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